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Anaconda is an open-source Python and R programming language distribution. It is powerful software for managing environments, packages, and other development tools like Jupyter Notebook and Spyder. Moreover, it comprises over 250 packages, making it easy to kickstart your development journey. Anaconda’s features include package management, creating virtual environments, integrated development environment (IDE) support, and more. Its reproducibility function generates easy-to-share projects. This short guide provides brief information about installing Anaconda on Linux without any hassles. How To Install Anaconda First, download the Anaconda installer from the Anaconda’s official archive. Please ensure to download an appropriate version for your Linux architecture. Here are the commands you can follow: sudo apt update wget https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2024.02-1-Linux-x86_64.sh Although we use the wget command to download the installer, you can alternatively download it through Anaconda’s website. Once you have downloaded this installer script file, run it using the below command: bash Anaconda3-2024.02-1.Linux-x86_64.sh Now, follow the on-screen instructions, then it will ask you to confirm the installation path. Press Enter and keep it on the default path. However, you can also specify your desired location. Lastly, enter ‘yes’ to automatically activate Conda on system startup. You can change this anytime by running: conda init --reverse $SHELL Finally, the terminal will show, “Thank you for installing Anaconda3!”. Before moving further, you need to activate and initialize the Anaconda3 through the following command: export PATH="</path of anaconda3/>bin:$PATH" Make sure you change the above command from </path of anaconda3/> to the actual path of Anaconda3 according to your system. Verifying all new packages is a good practice to avoid unintentional system errors. So, Let’s now verify Anaconda’s installation by checking the version information: conda --version It shows the version number correctly, so there’s no issue. Otherwise, you would have to reinstall it using the above steps. How to Update Anaconda If you anytime need to update Anaconda, run the below command: conda update --all Difference Between Anaconda and Miniconda Anaconda is a full-packed distribution with over 250 standard machine learning and data science packages. Miniconda is a minimal installer that consists of Conda, Python, and a few more packages, and it lets you install other packages according to your needs. Anaconda distribution is best for beginners who are unaware of the packages they should use. Miniconda, on the other hand, is for users who know what packages they want to use. A Quick Wrap-Up Anaconda is powerful open-source software that can run machine learning projects, create virtual environments, distribute packages, and more. It lets you run your Python and R language programs smoothly. This article comprehensively demonstrates installing the Anaconda command line client on Linux. Moreover, we have also added a simple command to update Anaconda quickly. View the full article

In this R tutorial, we will do all the following operations that are performed on a vector: Create Access Modify Delete Sort We know that a vector is a flat data structure used to store data in a linear fashion. Create Vectors can be created using c(). The “c” stands for combine. Syntax: vector_object=c(values…) The values are the elements that are separated by a comma. Example 1 In this example, we will create a vector with five elements and print them. #create vector for fruits fruits=c(23,4,43,3,4) print(fruits) Result: It is also possible to create a vector using the sequence operator -: We need to specify the start and end with this. Example 2 In this example, we will create a vector with five elements and print them. #create vector for fruits from 100 to 104 fruits=c(100:104) print(fruits) Result: Access We can access the values in the vector using index positions. To access the single element, we can directly specify the index position. In the R language, for any data structure, the indexing starts with 1. Syntax: vector_object[index] Where vector_object is the vector and index that specify index position. Example In this example, we will return the elements based on index position. #create vector for fruits from 100 to 104 fruits=c(100:104) #get second element from fruits print(paste("Second element: ",fruits[2])) #get fifth element from fruits print(paste("Fifth element: ",fruits[5])) #get first element from fruits print(paste("First element: ",fruits[1])) Result: We returned the elements present at the second, fifth, and first positions. To access the multiple elements, we can directly specify the index position inside c(). This returns elements with respect to the index positions. Syntax: vector_object[c(index,….)] Where vector_object is the vector and indices specify the index positions. Example In this example, we will return the elements based on index positions at a time. #create vector for fruits from 100 to 104 fruits=c(100:104) #get elements from second, fifth, and 1st positions. print(fruits[c(2,5,1)]) Result: We returned the elements present at the second, fifth, and first positions at a time. Modify We can modify the values in the vector using index positions. To access the single element, we can directly specify the index position. In the R language, for any data structure the indexing starts with 1. So, we can assign the value at a particular index position. Syntax: vector_object[index]=updated_element Where vector_object is the vector and index specify the index position to set the updated element. Example In this example, we will update elements at different index positions. #create vector for fruits from 100 to 104 fruits=c(100:104) #display actual fruits print(fruits) #update the value to 45 at index-2 fruits[2]=45 #update the value to 15 at index-5 fruits[5]=15 #update the value to 12 at index-1 fruits[1]=12 #display updated fruits print(fruits) Result: We updated 100 with 12 in the first position, 101 with 45 in the second position, and 104 to 15 in the fifth position. To update the element at multiple positions, we can directly specify the index positions inside c(). Syntax: vector_object[c(index,….)]=updated_value Where vector_object is the vector and indices specify the index positions. Example In this example, we will update values at different index positions at a time with an element. #create vector for fruits from 100 to 104 fruits=c(100:104) #display actual fruits print(fruits) #update the value to 45 at indices 2,5,1 fruits[c(2,5,1)]=45 #display updated fruits print(fruits) Result: We updated the first, second, and fifth positions with 45. Delete It is possible to delete an entire vector by assigning it to NULL. Syntax: vector_object =NULL Where vector_object is the vector. Example In this example, we will delete the fruits vector. #create vector for fruits from 100 to 104 fruits=c(100:104) #display actual fruits print(fruits) #specify NULL fruits=NULL #display updated fruits print(fruits) Result: We can see that the vector is no more. Sort It is possible to sort the vector in ascending or descending order using the sort() function. It takes two parameters. First is the vector object, and second is the correlating that takes the Boolean values. Syntax: sort(vector_object,decreasing=TRUE?FALSE) Parameters: vector_object is the vector. If decreasing is TRUE, then the vector is sorted in descending order. If decreasing is FALSE, then the vector is sorted in ascending order. Example 1 Sort the fruits vector in ascending order. #create vector for fruits fruits=c(45,32,67,57,54) #display actual fruits print(fruits) #sorted in ascending order print(sort(fruits,decreasing=FALSE)) Result: We can see that elements are sorted in ascending order. Example 2 Sort the fruits vector in descending order. #create vector for fruits fruits=c(45,32,67,57,54) #display actual fruits print(fruits) #sorted in descending order print(sort(fruits,decreasing=TRUE)) Result: We can see that the elements are sorted in descending order. Conclusion In this R tutorial, we saw how to create a vector using c(), while accessing the elements from a vector through the index positions. We can modify and update the vector by setting the updated element to the index position. NULL is assigned to a vector if we want to delete a vector. Finally, we have seen how to sort a vector object in ascending and descending order. View the full article