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The post How to Install Kodi on Ubuntu-based Linux Distributions first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides .Kodi is a free and open-source media server application that transforms your Linux system into a full-fledged entertainment center. It lets you organize, play, and The post How to Install Kodi on Ubuntu-based Linux Distributions first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides.View the full article

Ubuntu 24.04 can be accessed as a desktop or as a server, depending on your needs. You will most likely access the Ubuntu 24.04 server, which doesn’t come with a GUI. The Ubuntu 24.04 server relies on your mastery of commands, which can be tricky for beginners. Besides, some actions are better approached via the GUI. If you are stuck on how to have a GUI on an Ubuntu 24.04 server, this post shares the steps you should follow. We will install a display manager and a GUI to make it convenient for you to choose between using a GUI or a command line when accessing your Ubuntu server. Read on! Detailed Guide on Installing GUI on Ubuntu 24.04 Server A key benefit of using the Ubuntu 24.04 server is that it saves space and resources that the GUI applications would otherwise consume. The command-line option is excellent when working with a server, but various instances and tools are better approached via the GUI. Unfortunately, the Ubuntu 24.04 server doesn’t have a GUI you can switch to when needed. However, you can quickly install a display manager and then install a GUI. There are numerous options for installing the GUI. You can install Ubuntu desktop, KDE Plasma, XFCE, MATE, etc. Here are the steps to install GUI on Ubuntu 24.04. Step 1: Update Your Ubuntu 24.04 Server The first step is to log in to your Ubuntu server. You will get a login window, and once you enter your credentials, you will be logged in. After login, we then must refresh the package index. Update your server with the following command. $ sudo apt update Step 2: Install a Display Manager On your Ubuntu 24.04 server, we will need a display manager to open the display server, allowing you to use a GUI or select between the installed GUI options. Two commonly used display managers are LightDM and Slim. The two display managers are excellent and have almost similar functionalities. For this guide, let’s install LightDM using the command below. $ sudo apt install lightdm Confirm the prompt and notice the required space to install the GUI. Once you press ‘y’ on your keyboard, wait for the installation to start and complete. You will get prompted with a configuration prompt on what display manager to set as your default. Select lightdm as it’s the one we’ve installed with the previous command. Step 3: Install and Use a GUI on Ubuntu 24.04 As mentioned earlier, you can install different GUIs. It all depends on which one suits you best. To keep it simple, let’s install Ubuntu Desktop GUI for our case. Run the below command. $ sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop Confirm any prompts that will appear during the installation. Once the GUI is installed, restart your Ubuntu 24.04 server to access the display manager, where you can select the installed GUI and use it to interact with your Ubuntu Noble Numbat. $ sudo reboot Once your Ubuntu 24.04 server reboots, it will display a GUI that you can use to sign in. Enter your server credentials. Once you log in, you can enjoy using your Ubuntu server via the installed Ubuntu Desktop GUI. Conclusion An Ubuntu 24.04 server uses the terminal for interaction. You can perform all tasks with the terminal, but some tools and activities require a GUI for simplicity and convenience. To install a GUI on Ubuntu 24.04, log in to your server, update the repository, and install a display manager. Next, install the GUI, reboot the system, and lastly, start using the installed GUI. All steps are detailed in this post. View the full article

Jenkins is an open-source continuous integration tool that automates technical tasks such as software testing, building, and deployment. It is a Java-based tool, and as a DevOP, knowing how to install and use Jenkins will save you time and resources. Jenkins supports numerous platforms, and this post focuses on installing it on Ubuntu 24.04. We will guide you through a step-by-step process to ensure you don’t get stuck. Let’s begin! Step-By-Step Installation of Jenkins on Ubuntu 24.04 The Jenkins repository is not included in Ubuntu 24.04. As such, we must fetch it and add it to our system. Again, we’ve mentioned that Jenkins is a Java-based tool. Therefore, you must have Java installed, and in this case, we will work with OpenJDK 11. Once you have the two prerequisites in place, installing Jenkins will be an easy task. Proceed with the below steps. Step 1: Install Java We must have a Java Runtime Environment before we can install and use Jenkins. However, not all Java versions are supported. To be safe, consider installing OpenJDK 8 or 11. Verify that you have installed the correct Java version. $ java -version If not installed, use the following command to install OpenJDK 11. $ sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk Step 2: Fetch and Add the Jenkins Repository Jenkins is available as a stable or weekly version. This step requires us to download the Jenkins GPG key and then its software repository. After verification, we can then add the repository to our source list. First, let’s execute the following command to import the Jenkins GPG key. $ sudo wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io-2023.key The next task is adding the Jenkins repository by executing the following command. $ echo deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc] https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null Step 3: Install Jenkins After adding the stable Jenkins release to our source list, we can proceed with installing it, but first, let’s update the Ubuntu 24.04 repository to refresh the source list. $ sudo apt update Next, install Jenkins and ensure the installation completes without interruptions. $ sudo apt install jenkins -y Once installed, check the version to confirm that we managed to install it successfully. $ jenkins --version Step 4: Configure the Firewall We must modify our Firewall to create a rule allowing Jenkins to communicate via port 8080. First, start the Jenkins service. $ sudo systemctl start jenkins $ sudo systemctl status jenkins Next, add a new UFW rule and check that your firewall is active. If the firewall is inactive, enable it. $ sudo ufw allow 8080 $ sudo ufw status Step 5: Configure Jenkins We will access Jenkins via a browser to set it up. On your browser tab, access the below URL. Be sure to add the correct IP or domain name of your server and port number 8080. http://ip_address:8080 You will get a window displaying the “Getting Started” information. On the page, find the path to the file containing the administrator password. login Go back to your terminal and open the file using a text editor or a command such as “cat.” $ sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword The administrator password will be displayed on your terminal. Copy the generated password and paste it into your browser in the “Administrator password” input box. At the bottom of the window, click on the Continue button. A new window will open. Click on the selected option to “Install suggested plugins.” Jenkins will initiate the setup. Once the process is complete, you will be prompted to create your administrator credentials. Type the admin username and password, then click the “Save and Continue” button. On the next window, note the Jenkins URL and click the “Save and Finish” button That’s it. Jenkins is now installed and configured on your Ubuntu 24.04. Click on the Start using Jenkins button to enjoy using Jenkins. You will get a window similar to the one below. Conclusion Jenkins has numerous applications, especially for developers. If you use Ubuntu Noble Numbat, this post has shared a step-by-step guide on how to install Jenkins. Hopefully, this post will be insightful to you, and you will be able to install Jenkins. View the full article

In the digital world, a key concern for most organizations is how to control multiple servers and streamline the process to make it easy for their administrators. Luckily, there are different configuration management systems, such as Ansible, that make it easy and convenient to automate these tasks. With an automation tool such as Ansible, you can perform tasks such as software deployment and configuration management from one Ansible control host without having to log in to each target server. Ansible is a free automation tool, and if you are new to it, stick around as this post shares everything you need to install it on Ubuntu 24.04. Installation and Configuration of Ansible on Ubuntu 24.04 To work with Ansible, you need an Ansible control host, which is our Ubuntu 24.04, and one or more Ansible hosts. The Ansible hosts are the target machines that you want to automate from one control host. For these hosts, we will use SSH to connect to them through SSH key pairs. Let’s break down the process into understandable steps. Step 1: Install Ansible on Your Control Host On our Ubuntu 24.04(Noble Numbat), that’s where we will install Ansible. First, let’s quickly update and upgrade our system. $ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade Before we can install Ansible using the APT, let’s check the available version in its repository using the command below. $ sudo apt-cache policy ansible We can now run our install command to fetch and install Ansible from our Ubuntu repository. $ sudo apt install ansible Once Ansible installs, check the version to confirm that your installation was successful. $ ansible --version You now have Ansible installed on your system. However, we must configure it to set our control host. Step 2: Setting Up SSH Keys Ansible uses SSH to connect to the Ansible hosts when running any tasks from the Ansible control host. As such, we must copy our Ansible control host’s SSH public key to our Ansible hosts for seamless connection without requiring any passwords. The first step is to generate the SSH key pair on our Ansible control node. $ ssh-keygen You can select a different location to save the key or go with the default location. Moreover, you can set a passphrase for authentication or not. Once you’ve set your preferences, your SSH key pair will be generated. We then must copy the public key to our Ansible hosts. First, ensure you have the IP address of the target host and the username. Once you do so, we will copy the public key using ssh-copy-id with the following command. $ ssh-copy-id username@ip_address You will get a message asking you whether you wish to proceed and authenticate the connection. Type ‘yes’ to continue. Once you enter the password for your remote host, you will get an output showing that the key has been added successfully. While still connected to the remote machine, open the SSH configuration file and disable password authentication, as in the image below. $ sudo nano /etc/ssh/ssh_config Save the file and log out of your remote host. The next time you try to log in, you won’t be prompted to enter your password, as the SSH key pairs will be used for authentication. Step 3: Configuring Your Ansible Control Node So far, we’ve installed Ansible and set up SSH keys for the connection. The other step is to configure our Ansible control node by specifying the IP addresses of all the Ansible hosts that we want to control. To do so, we must create an inventory file containing the host details. Create your inventory file and name it according to your preference. We’ve stored our “ansible-hosts” inventory file in our current directory. Inside the file, add the details of the servers you wish to control and ensure that you’ve set up each server’s SSH keys as we did in the previous step. Lastly, save your inventory file and exit the text editor. To verify that our Ansible inventory file exists, use the below command and replace the “ansible-hosts’ with the path to where you’ve saved your inventory file. $ ansible-inventory --list -i ./ansible-hosts -y You will get an output showing the infrastructure of the added Ansible host(s). Step 4: Test the Ansible Connection The last step involves verifying that our connection works and that we can access and control the added Ansible hosts from our Ansible control node. If the connection was well set up, we should be able to run commands from our control node. For instance, let’s try running a ping command and see if the hosts can connect. In the below command, replace ‘linuxhint’ with the username of your target Ansible host and replace the inventory file to match the path where you’ve saved yours. $ ansible all -i ./ansible-hosts -m ping -u linuxhint The above output shows a success message, confirming that we have control of our Ansible hosts. You can verify this further by running ad-hoc commands. For instance, let’s check the disk usage by running the below command. $ ansible all -i ./ansible-hosts -a “df -h” -u linuxhint That’s it! We’ve managed to install and configure Ansible on Ubuntu 24.04. Conclusion Installing Ansible on Ubuntu 24.04 is easy when you have a clear guide to follow. This post acts as a clear guide to help you easily and quickly install and configure Ansible on Ubuntu 24.04. We’ve shared all the steps and demonstrated that our Ansible connection works as expected. View the full article

The Ubuntu security team has recently rolled out critical security updates aimed at addressing several vulnerabilities identified in Squid, a widely used web proxy cache server. These vulnerabilities, if left unaddressed, could potentially expose systems to denial-of-service attacks. Let’s delve into the specifics of these vulnerabilities and understand their implications. Recent Squid Vulnerabilities Fixed […] The post Multiple Squid Vulnerabilities Fixed in Ubuntu appeared first on TuxCare. The post Multiple Squid Vulnerabilities Fixed in Ubuntu appeared first on Security Boulevard. View the full article

Photo by Gabriel Heinzer on Unsplash We’re excited about the upcoming Ubuntu 24.04 LTS release, Noble Numbat. Like all Ubuntu releases, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS comes with 5 years of free security maintenance for the main repository. Support can be expanded for an extra 5 years, and to include the universe repository, via Ubuntu Pro. Organisations looking to keep their systems secure without needing a major upgrade can also get the Legacy Support add-on to expand that support beyond the 10 years. Combined with the enhanced security coverage provided by Ubuntu Pro and Legacy Support, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS provides a secure foundation on which to develop and deploy your applications and services in an increasingly risky environment. In this blog post, we will look at some of the enhancements and security features included in Noble Numbat, building on those available in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. Unprivileged user namespace restrictions Unprivileged user namespaces are a widely used feature of the Linux kernel, providing additional security isolation for applications, and are often employed as part of a sandbox environment. They allow an application to gain additional permissions within a constrained environment, so that a more trusted part of an application can then use these additional permissions to create a more constrained sandbox environment within which less trusted parts can then be executed. A common use case is the sandboxing employed by modern web browsers, where the (trusted) application itself sets up the sandbox where it executes the untrusted web content. However, by providing these additional permissions, unprivileged user namespaces also expose additional attack surfaces within the Linux kernel. There has been a long history of (ab)use of unprivileged user namespaces to exploit various kernel vulnerabilities. The most recent interim release of Ubuntu, 23.10, introduced the ability to restrict the use of unprivileged user namespaces to only those applications which legitimately require such access. In Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, this feature has both been improved to cover additional applications both within Ubuntu and from third parties, and to allow better default semantics of the feature. For Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, the use of unprivileged user namespaces is then allowed for all applications but access to any additional permissions within the namespace are denied. This allows more applications to more better gracefully handle this default restriction whilst still protecting against the abuse of user namespaces to gain access to additional attack surfaces within the Linux kernel. Binary hardening Modern toolchains and compilers have gained many enhancements to be able to create binaries that include various defensive mechanisms. These include the ability to detect and avoid various possible buffer overflow conditions as well as the ability to take advantage of modern processor features like branch protection for additional defence against code reuse attacks. The GNU C library, used as the cornerstone of many applications on Ubuntu, provides runtime detection of, and protection against, certain types of buffer overflow cases, as well as certain dangerous string handling operations via the use of the _FORTIFY_SOURCE macro. FORTIFY_SOURCE can be specified at various levels providing increasing security features, ranging from 0 to 3. Modern Ubuntu releases have all used FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 which provided a solid foundation by including checks on string handling functions like sprintf(), strcpy() and others to detect possible buffer overflows, as well as format-string vulnerabilities via the %n format specifier in various cases. Ubuntu 24.04 LTS enables additional security features by increasing this to FORTIFY_SOURCE=3. Level three greatly enhances the detection of possible dangerous use of a number of other common memory management functions including memmove(), memcpy(), snprintf(), vsnprintf(), strtok() and strncat(). This feature is enabled by default in the gcc compiler within Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, so that all packages in the Ubuntu archive which are compiled with gcc, or any applications compiled with gcc on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS also receive this additional protection. The Armv8-M hardware architecture (provided by the “arm64” software architecture on Ubuntu) provides hardware-enforced pointer authentication and branch target identification. Pointer authentication provides the ability to detect malicious stack buffer modifications which aim to redirect pointers stored on the stack to attacker controlled locations, whilst branch target identification is used to track certain indirect branch instructions and the possible locations which they can target. By tracking such valid locations, the processor can detect possible malicious jump-oriented programming attacks which aim to use existing indirect branches to jump to other gadgets within the code. The gcc compiler supports these features via the -mbranch-protection option. In Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, the dpkg package now enables -mbranch-protection=standard, so that all packages within the Ubuntu archive enable support for these hardware features where available. AppArmor 4 The aforementioned unprivileged user namespace restrictions are all backed by the AppArmor mandatory access control system. AppArmor allows a system administrator to implement the principle of least authority by defining which resources an application should be granted access to and denying all others. AppArmor consists of a userspace package, which is used to define the security profiles for applications and the system, as well as the AppArmor Linux Security Module within the Linux kernel which provides enforcement of the policies. Ubuntu 24.04 LTS includes the latest AppArmor 4.0 release, providing support for many new features, such as specifying allowed network addresses and ports within the security policy (rather than just high level protocols) or various conditionals to allow more complex policy to be expressed. An exciting new development provided by AppArmor 4 in Ubuntu 24.04 LTS is the ability to defer access control decisions to a trusted userspace program. This allows for quite advanced decision making to be implemented, by taking into account the greater context available within userspace or to even interact with the user / system administrator in a real-time fashion. For example, the experimental snapd prompting feature takes advantage of this work to allow users to exercise direct control over which files a snap can access within their home directory. Finally, within the kernel, AppArmor has gained the ability to mediate access to user namespaces as well as the io_uring subsystem, both of which have historically provided additional kernel attack surfaces to malicious applications. Disabling of old TLS versions The use of cryptography for private communications is the backbone of the modern internet. The Transport Layer Security protocol has provided confidentiality and integrity to internet communications since it was first standardised in 1999 with TLS 1.0. This protocol has undergone various revisions since that time to introduce additional security features and avoid various security issues inherent in the earlier versions of this standard. Given the wide range of TLS versions and options supported by each, modern internet systems will use a process of auto-negotiation to select an appropriate combination of protocol version and parameters when establishing a secure communications link. In Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, TLS 1.0, 1.1 and DTLS 1.0 are all forcefully disabled (for any applications that use the underlying openssl or gnutls libraries) to ensure that users are not exposed to possible TLS downgrade attacks which could expose their sensitive information. Upstream Kernel Security Features Linux kernel v5.15 was used as the basis for the Linux kernel in the previous Ubuntu 22.04 LTS release. This provided a number of kernel security features including core scheduling, kernel stack randomisation and unprivileged BPF restrictions to name a few. Since that time, the upstream Linux kernel community has been busy adding additional kernel security features. Ubuntu 24.04 LTS includes the v6.8 Linux kernel which provides the following additional security features: Intel shadow stack support Modern Intel CPUs support an additional hardware feature aimed at preventing certain types of return-oriented programming (ROP) and other attacks that target the malicious corruption of the call stack. A shadow stack is a hardware enforced copy of the stack return address that cannot be directly modified by the CPU. When the processor returns from a function call, the return address from the stack is compared against the value from the shadow stack – if the two differ, the process is terminated to prevent a possible ROP attack. Whilst compiler support for this feature has been enabled for userspace packages since Ubuntu 19.10, it has not been able to be utilised until it was also supported by the kernel and the C library. Ubuntu 24.04 LTS includes this additional support for shadow stacks to allow this feature to be enabled when desired by setting the GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.cpu.hwcaps=SHSTK environment variable. Secure virtualisation with AMD SEV-SNP and Intel TDX Confidential computing represents a fundamental departure from the traditional threat model, where vulnerabilities in the complex codebase of privileged system software like the operating system, hypervisor, and firmware pose ongoing risks to the confidentiality and integrity of both code and data. Likewise, unauthorised access by a malicious cloud administrator could jeopardise the security of your virtual machine (VM) and its environment. Building on the innovation of Trusted Execution Environments at the silicon level, Ubuntu Confidential VMs aim to restore your control over the security assurances of your VMs. For the x86 architecture, both AMD and Intel processors provide hardware features (named AMD SEV SNP and Intel TDX respectively) to support running virtual machines with memory encryption and integrity protection. They ensure that the data contained within the virtual machine is inaccessible to the hypervisor and hence the infrastructure operator. Support for using these features as a guest virtual machine was introduced in the upstream Linux kernel version 5.19. Thanks to Ubuntu Confidential VMs, a user can make use of compute resources provided by a third party whilst maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of their data through the use of memory encryption and other features. On the public cloud, Ubuntu offers the widest portfolio of confidential VMs. These build on the innovation of both the hardware features, with offerings available across Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud and Amazon AWS. For enterprise customers seeking to harness confidential computing within their private data centres, a fully enabled software stack is essential. This stack encompasses both the guest side (kernel and OVMF) and the host side (kernel-KVM, QEMU, and Libvirt). Currently, the host-side patches are not yet upstream. To address this, Canonical and Intel have forged a strategic collaboration to empower Ubuntu customers with an Intel-optimised TDX Ubuntu build. This offering includes all necessary guest and host patches, even those not yet merged upstream, starting with Ubuntu 23.10 and extending into 24.04 and beyond. The complete TDX software stack is accessible through this github repository. This collaborative effort enables our customers to promptly leverage the security assurances of Intel TDX. It also serves to narrow the gap between silicon innovation and software readiness, a gap that grows as Intel continues to push the boundaries of hardware innovation with 5th Gen Intel Xeon scalable processors and beyond. Strict compile-time bounds checking Similar to hardening of binaries within the libraries and applications distributed in Ubuntu, the Linux kernel itself gained enhanced support for detecting possible buffer overflows at compile time via improved bounds checking of the memcpy() family of functions. Within the kernel, the FORTIFY_SOURCE macro enables various checks in memory management functions like memcpy() and memset() by checking that the size of the destination object is large enough to hold the specified amount of memory, and if not will abort the compilation process. This helps to catch various trivial memory management issues, but previously was not able to properly handle more complex cases such as when an object was embedded within a larger object. This is quite a common pattern within the kernel, and so the changes introduced in the upstream 5.18 kernel version to enumerate and fix various such cases greatly improves this feature. Now the compiler is able to detect and enforce stricter checks when performing memory operations on sub-objects to ensure that other object members are not inadvertently overwritten, avoiding an entire class of possible buffer overflow vulnerabilities within the kernel. Wrapping up Overall, the vast range of security improvements that have gone into Ubuntu 24.04 LTS greatly improve on the strong foundation provided by previous Ubuntu releases, making it the most secure release to date. Additional features within both the kernel, userspace and across the distribution as a whole combine to address entire vulnerability classes and attack surfaces. With up to 12 years of support, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS provides the best and most secure foundation to develop and deploy Linux services and applications. Expanded Security Maintenance, kernel livepatching and additional services are all provided to Ubuntu Pro subscribers to enhance the security of their Ubuntu deployments. View the full article

When it comes to databases, you can have either relational or non-relational databases. Relational databases follow the SQL syntax, and their data is stored in structured tables. Examples of such databases are MySQL. However, non-relational databases store data in other formats, such as graphs, documents, etc., and a good example is MongoDB. MongoDB is a non-relational database that stores data as documents. The database is open-source, and by adding its repository to your source list, you will manage to install it on your Ubuntu 24.04. This post walks you through every required step. MongoDB Installation Guide on Ubuntu 24.04 There are numerous reasons to choose MongoDB over other databases. For instance, if you want to achieve scalability and flexibility, MongoDB is the ideal non-relational database. Besides, MongoDB accommodates 32 and 64-bit systems. To install MongoDB, use the following steps. Step 1: Update the Repository When installing MongoDB, the recommended approach is to get its latest version by adding the MongoDB repository to your source list. Thus, we must first refresh the package index by updating it. $ sudo apt update Step 2: Install Dependency Packages Before we install MongoDB, a few packages need to be available on our Ubuntu 24.04. Some of them are already installed but you should run the below command to handle these dependency packages. $ sudo apt install gnupg wget apt-transport-https ca-certificates software-properties-common Step 3: Import MongoDB’s GPG Key When installing packages from a third-party repository, you should import a GPG key to verify the authenticity of the packages to ensure no harm comes to your system. For the MongoDB repository, we will import the below GPG key. $ wget -qO- https://pgp.mongodb.com/server-7.0.asc | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-7.0.gpg >/dev/null Step 4: Add MongoDB’s Repository The next step is to add the MongoDB repository for your Ubuntu Noble Numbat. We’ve used the echo command to add the repository to our source list. The lsb_release -cs will fetch the codename for Ubuntu 24.04 and use it to fetch the respective MongoDB repository. $ echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-7.0.gpg ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs)/mongodb-org/7.0 multiverse" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-7.0.list Again, update your repository to refresh the newly added repository. $ sudo apt update Step 5: Install MongoDB With the MongoDB repository on our system, we can now install MongoDB using the following command. $ sudo apt install mongodb-org Step 6: Enable and Start the MongoDB Service After installing MongoDB, we still need to enable it and check to ensure that it is active and running. We will reference the mongod.service with the following commands. $ sudo systemctl enable mongod.service $ sudo systemctl status mongod.service Step 7: Test the MongoDB Connection We’ve installed MongoDB on our system, but we need to test the connection to ensure everything checks out. An excellent way is by running a connection status using the mongosh shell tool. If the connection to the database can be established, we will get an ‘OK’ return status. $ mongosh --eval 'db.runCommand({ connectionStatus: 1 })’ Step 8: Configure MongoDB for Better Security MongoDB has basic configurations that work okay for basic usage. However, it’s advisable to edit the security section of its configuration file, especially if using it in a production environment. Open your MongoDB’s config file using a text editor and edit the security section to have it as in the image below. Save the file, exit the text editor, and restart the MongoDB service. $ sudo systemctl restart mongod.service Step 9: Create an Admin User As part of enhancing your database security, you need to create an administrative user. To do so, access the MongoDB shell with the below command and select which database you want to use. $ mongosh $ use admin Next, create an admin user for your database and set their password and username. Moreover, set their roles, and lastly, quit the shell to close it. To verify that your admin user was successfully created, log in to your MongoDB using their username and the assigned password. $ mongosh -u username -p Once you enter your password, you should gain access to MongoDB. The last step is to select the admin database and display the available users. The output should confirm that your admin user exists. That’s how to install MongoDB on Ubuntu 24.04. Conclusion MongoDB is a preferred non-relational database for developers working on scalable projects. To install MongoDB, add its repository to your source list, then install it using APT. Next, configure the database and set your admin user. We’ve discussed what steps you should follow and give practical examples. View the full article

The post Tasksel – Quickly Install Software Groups in Debian and Ubuntu first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides .One of the several tasks that a Linux user is bound to handle is software installation. There are possibly two methods, especially on Debian-based distributions The post Tasksel – Quickly Install Software Groups in Debian and Ubuntu first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides.View the full article

With Linux, you have room to switch between different desktop environments. By default, Ubuntu 24.04 comes with the GNOME desktop. However, if you prefer installing other desktop environments, such as KDE, there is an easy way of doing so. Each desktop environment offers a different view of the desktop icons and the customizations. Besides, you can have more than one desktop environment and switch between them when logging in. If you prefer KDE over GNOME, you can install the KDE on Ubuntu 24.04. You can install its full or standard version, and we’ve covered the steps to do so. Read on! Step-by-Step Guide to Install KDE on Ubuntu 24.04 The installation of KDE follows a few basic steps. First, we must update the package indexes. Next, we select which KDE package to install. We then set which display manager to use, and once we reboot the system, we can select which desktop environment to use. Here are the detailed steps we will use. Step 1: Update and Upgrade the System To prepare for the installation, we must first update and upgrade the system. This step is crucial in refreshing the package indexes to retrieve the latest KDE version while also updating the installed packages. $ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade Step 2: Install KDE There are two options when installing KDE. You can install KDE Standard or KDE Full. KDE Standard only provides the essential applications such as browser, text editor, file manager, etc. This version doesn’t install all the available applications. Instead, it keeps things simple by only installing the core applications for basic functionalities. Install KDE Standard using the below command. $ sudo apt install kde-standard However, the KDE Full version will install all the packages bundled with the desktop environment. It installs the core applications and all other available extras, such as games. The KDE Standard takes up about 1.6GB of disk space, while the KDE Full takes 3.8 GB. To install KDE Full, execute the below command. $ sudo apt install kde-full We’ve installed KDE Standard for this guide. Confirm the prompt to continue installing KDE. Step 3: Select the Display Manager After confirming the installation, you will get prompted to select which display manager to use. Before that, click on ‘OK’ to check the available display managers. Next, select which display manager to use. You can use the gdm3 or sddm display manager. Once you’ve selected which to use, proceed with the installation by clicking on ‘OK.’ The installation will continue, and once KDE completes the installation, we will be ready to start utilizing it. Step 4: Switch to KDE To switch to KDE, let’s first reboot the system. $ sudo reboot now On the logging page, select Plasma (X11) as the desktop environment before you enter your credentials to log in. Once logged in, you will immediately notice that the desktop environment has changed. The user interface will look different, including the installed applications. KDE has an interface like the one we have in the image below. That’s it! You now have KDE on Ubuntu 24.04. Go through the desktop environment to get comfortable with the user interface and the various utilities it offers. Conclusion GNOME is the default desktop environment for Ubuntu 24.04. However, you can install and use other desktop environments, such as KDE. Besides, you are free to switch between different desktop environments when logging into your Ubuntu 24.04. This post explains how to install KDE on Ubuntu 24.04. View the full article

Phoronix tested two versions of Ubuntu Linux against Windows 11 on the latest Ryzen-powered Framework 16 laptop and discovered that Ubuntu is better performing OS most of the time. View the full article

Golang (Go) is a programming language provided by Google to help developers create scalable and secure systems. Its simplicity makes any developer want to learn the language and use it quickly. While Go is a go-to programming language for many developers, you must first install it on Ubuntu 24.04 before you begin using it for your development. We’ve covered three installation methods that anyone can use. Read on! Three Methods of Installing Go on Ubuntu 24.04 The Go programming language has numerous applications, and as a Ubuntu user, you have three methods for installing Go. You can source it from the snap store or install it from the Ubuntu repository using APT. Still, you can download the Go tarball, extract it, and add its path to make it accessible on your system. All these methods are discussed below. Method 1: Install Go on Ubuntu 24.04 Via APT The first step in this method is to update the Ubuntu 24.04 repository. The Go version installed with this method is stable but not always the latest available version. Let’s first update the system. $ sudo apt update Next, use APT to install the Go package. $ sudo apt install golang-go Once the installation process is completed, view the installed Golang version. $ go version Method 2: Install Go Via Snap Even on Ubuntu 24.04 (Noble Numbat), you can access the Snap Store and install Snap packages. Go is available as a Snap package, and installing it via this approach will install even its dependencies. Here, you only need to execute the below command. $ sudo snap install go --classic Similarly, we can check the installed Go version. $ go version Notice how the two methods install the same Go version, which is the latest version when writing this post. Method 3: Install Go Via Its Official Repository The official way of installing Go on any Linux distribution is by sourcing its binary package. However, this is a long method as more steps are involved, but if you want the latest version or a specific Go version, this method is the best. The first step is to update the system. $ sudo apt update Next, visit the Go download page and find the version you want to install. Ensure you select the appropriate architecture for compatibility. We’ve chosen version 1.22.2 for this example. Once you’ve selected it, download the tarball using any utility. We’ve used wget for our example. $ wget https://go.dev/dl/go1.22.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz Allow the download to complete. The next step involves extracting the archive file. We’ve extracted it to the /usr/local/ directory using the tar command below. $ sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.20.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz $ ls /usr/local/go We’ve also run the ls command to confirm that the file was successfully unzipped and the new uncompressed Go folder containing all the required files exist. So far, we have the Go folder on our system, but we must add its binary to the path environment variable before we start using Go system-wide. Using a text editor, we will edit our bashrc to add the Go binary. Let’s open the file using the nano text editor. $ nano ~/.bashrc Next, paste the below line inside the file. export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin Save the changes and exit the file. Also, source the file for the changes to apply. $ source ~/.bashrc Lastly, check the installed version. $ go version Test the Go Language Now that we’ve installed the Go programming language, we can use it for our development. Let’s create a simple ‘hello’ program to test that Go works correctly. Save it with a .go extension. Save the file and run it using the below syntax. $ go run program_name That’s it! The output confirms that Go is successfully installed on Ubuntu 24.04. Conclusion Go is a recent programming language developed by Google. Ubuntu supports Go and there are three ways you can install it. You can install it via APT or snap. Moreover, you can install it by downloading its official repository and adding its binary to your environment variable. Have fun using Go on Ubuntu 24.04. View the full article

The post apt-fast: Speeds Up Your APT Package Downloads in Ubuntu first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides .In this editorial, we take a look at a great and powerful utility called apt-fast that you can use to speed up downloading packages by The post apt-fast: Speeds Up Your APT Package Downloads in Ubuntu first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides.View the full article

Plex Media Server is a go-to solution for anyone looking for an organized way of accessing their media libraries across different devices. Plex is a cross-platform tool that revamps the streaming experience of its users and if using Ubuntu 24.04, you can quickly install Plex in a few steps. Throughout today’s post, we will discuss two methods for installing Plex on Ubuntu 24.04. Choose the method that is ideal for your case. Once Plex installs, you will configure your account and enjoy your streaming. Let’s begin! Method 1: Install Plex Via Snap Plex Media Server s available on the app center. When you install it as a snap package, the installation will handle all the dependencies, and with only one command, you will have Plex installed on your Ubuntu 24.04. Here’s how you install Plex on Ubuntu 24.04 as a snap package. $ sudo snap install plexmediaserver Snap will download and install the Plex package and a progress bar will display on the terminal. Once the installation completes, you are ready to setup Plex by adding a rule in your firewall to allow traffic through its default port. More on this is covered in the next method. Method 2: Install Plex Via APT A better way of installing and configuring Plex is to add its official repository to your Ubuntu system. This method involves more steps, but we’ve detailed them to make it easy. Step 1: Update Ubuntu Since we want to add a new repository to the source list, let’s start by refreshing the package index. $ sudo apt update Step 2: Install Prerequisite Packages Next, there are various dependencies we require for a successful installation of Plex media that might not already be installed. For instance, we need wget to download the GPG key. Install these packages with the below command. $ sudo apt install wget apt-transport-https For our case, we already have them installed, but if they are not installed on your end, please confirm the prompt and complete installing them. Step 3: Import the Plex Repository Here, there are two things we must do, First, let’s add the Plex repository using the below command. $ echo deb https://downloads.plex.tv/repo/deb public main | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/plexmediaserver.list Next, we need to import a GPG key to validate the added repository and ensure we install the correct Plex package. To do that, let’s use wget with the below command. $ wget https://downloads.plex.tv/plex-keys/PlexSign.key cat PlexSign.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/PlexSigkey.gpg Step 4: Install Plex on Ubuntu 24.04 With the Plex repository added to our source list, let’s quickly refresh the package index by running an update command. $ sudo apt update We can now install Plex through APT as follows. $ sudo apt install plexmediaserver Confirm any prompts that will appear and ensure the process is completed. Step 5: Start Plex Once installed, the first task is to check if Plex is running. Check its status using systemctl. $ sudo systemctl status plexmediaserver.service Suppose the service is not active; use the below commands to enable and start it. $ sudo systemctl enable plexmediaserver.service $ sudo systemctl restart plexmediaserver.service Step 6: Configure Firewall Plex media server uses port 32400. Thus, we need to configure our firewall to allow connections via this port. To do so, add a rule like the one below. $ sudo ufw enable $ sudo ufw allow 32400 Step 7: Set Up Plex Media Server The last step involves accessing Plex on your browser and setting up your account. Start by opening your browser and accessing the site: http://your_ip:32400/web. Once the site loads, you can sign up or log in to your account and enjoy the privileges of using the Plex media server. Conclusion Plex media server gives users room to enjoy streaming services across different devices. You can install Plex on Ubuntu 24.04 via snap or by adding its repository and installing it via APT. We’ve covered both methods and with this insight, you can comfortably install Plex on Ubuntu 24.04 and enjoy your streaming. View the full article

AWS offers numerous services for anyone to use. However, when you want an easy and controlled way of controlling all your AWS services, you must install an AWS CLI (command-line interface). The AWS CLI gives you access to the AWS API, allowing you to manage all the services depending on the task you are handling or want to automate. You can install the AWS CLI on Ubuntu 24.04, and there are two approaches you can use depending on your preference. You can install it as a snap package or a Python module inside a Python virtual environment. Let’s discuss each option. Method 1: Install AWS CLI Via Snap Ubuntu supports AWS CLI, and you can access it as a snap package from App Center via GUI or using the snap command. Installing AWS CLI as a snap will install all the dependency packages it requires without installing them separately. If you find this approach convenient, execute the below command to install AWS CLI. $ sudo snap install aws-cli --classic AWS CLI will be downloaded and installed on your system. With this option, the AWS CLI is accessible system-wide and not just in a virtual environment, as in the second method. Once you install AWS CLI, check the installed version to ascertain the package has been installed successfully. $ aws --version We’ve installed AWS CLI version 2.15.38. The next step is to set up the AWS CLI by connecting it with your AWS account to allow you to take control of your AWS services. Run the configure command below. $ aws configure Provide your credentials to complete the setup. Method 2: Install AWS CLI as a Python Module You can also install AWS CLI on Ubuntu 24.04 as a Python module. This method requires creating a virtual environment and using pip to install AWS CLI. A virtual environment is a secluded way of using packages. Instead of making AWS CLI accessible system-wide, you can limit it to only being accessible inside the created virtual environment. Besides, if you don’t have sudo privileges on the system, provided you have a virtual environment, you will manage to install AWS CLI. Follow the steps below. Step 1: Install Python3 PIP and Venv To create a virtual environment, we must have Venv installed. Execute the below command to install it. $ sudo apt install Python3-venv You also need PIP to help with installing Python modules. Therefore, install PIP using the following command. $ sudo apt install python3-pip Step 2: Create a Virtual Environment With Venv, we can create a secluded environment in which to install AWS CLI without requiring sudo privileges. A virtual environment is recommended when working with Python modules, as it doesn’t interfere with APT-installed packages. Besides, if things go sideways, it doesn’t affect your system. We are using Python 3 for this case. Here’s how you create a virtual environment and activate it. $ python3 -m venv .venv $ source .venv/bin/activate We’ve named the virtual environment “venv,” but you can use any preferred name. Again, we’ve created the directory in our current location, but you can specify a different path. Step 3: Install AWS CLI Inside the virtual environment, running the following command will download and install AWS CLI. $ pip3 install awscli Ensure the download completes successfully. You will get an output similar to the one below. You can check the installed version. $ aws --version With AWS CLI installed, configure it to start managing your AWS services. Once you are done using it or want to exit the virtual environment, deactivate it. Conclusion AWS CLI is a preferred way of managing your AWS services. On Ubuntu 24.04, you can install it as a snap package or in a Python virtual environment using PIP. This post discussed each method, giving examples to create a detailed and straightforward guide for anyone to follow along. View the full article

Ubuntu Pro is a premium subscription service offered by Canonical, the company behind Ubuntu, which provides additional security and compliance features aimed at businesses and professional users. It extends the capabilities of the standard, free Ubuntu operating system with several key enhancements: Extended Security Maintenance Ubuntu Pro offers Extended Security Maintenance (ESM) that extends the security updates and patches for Ubuntu releases beyond the typical five-year support period provided by the regular Ubuntu. This can go up to 10 years, ensuring longer protection for mission-critical applications. Livepatch Service The Livepatch service allows for kernel updates to be applied without rebooting the system, minimizing downtime and disruption for critical systems. This feature is particularly valuable in enterprise environments where uptime is crucial. Security and Compliance Ubuntu Pro includes additional security and compliance certifications that are necessary for various industries, including finance and healthcare. It also comes with FIPS 140-2 certified cryptographic packages, which are required in many governmental and financial sectors. Expanded Package Support Subscribers gain access to a broader range of software packages and updates, including thousands of additional open source applications and utilities that are supported with security updates. Enhanced Support Ubuntu Pro subscribers have access to Canonical’s knowledge base and 24/7 support, offering an extra layer of assistance for their operations, which is especially useful for organizations without extensive in-house Linux expertise. Patch and Landscape Management Ubuntu Pro integrates with Landscape, Canonical’s systems management tool, which helps administrators manage, monitor, and update large-scale deployments of Ubuntu desktops, servers, and cloud instances efficiently. Cloud and Virtual Machine Friendly Ubuntu Pro is available for desktops, servers, and cloud environments, and it supports major cloud platforms, making it a flexible choice for organizations operating in multi-cloud and hybrid cloud environments. Here’s a comparison between Ubuntu and Ubuntu Pro, highlighting their primary differences: FeatureUbuntuUbuntu ProCostFreeSubscription-basedAvailabilityOpen source, available to anyoneAvailable to anyone, with added features for a feeSecurity UpdatesStandard security updatesExtended security updates for up to 10 yearsKernel UpdatesRegular kernel updatesLivepatch for real-time kernel updates without rebootingSupportCommunity support, optional professional supportComprehensive professional support includedCertificationLimited hardware and software certificationWider range of certified hardware and integrated softwareComplianceBasicCompliance features for common standards and regulationsApplicationsAccess to free software via Ubuntu repositoriesAccess to additional commercial software in Ubuntu Pro repositoriesManagement FeaturesBasic system management toolsAdvanced management tools including Landscape for easier automation and orchestrationTarget AudienceGeneral use, developers, enthusiastsEnterprises, businesses, and professionals requiring advanced security and compliance Ubuntu Pro offers more extensive support and advanced features designed for enterprise use, whereas the regular version of Ubuntu is well-suited for general users, developers, and tech enthusiasts. The choice between them largely depends on the user’s needs for support, security, and compliance. The reason some security-related packages are only available in Ubuntu Pro, even if you upgrade to the latest version of Ubuntu like 22.x, is primarily due to the additional enterprise-focused features and extended security support offered by Ubuntu Pro. Here are the key reasons for this differentiation: Extended Security Maintenance (ESM): Ubuntu Pro provides Extended Security Maintenance which includes security updates and patches for a longer period (up to 10 years) compared to the standard 5 years in the free version. This extended support covers more packages and resolves vulnerabilities that may affect older software still in use in enterprise environments. Livepatch Service: Ubuntu Pro offers the Livepatch service, which allows users to apply critical kernel security patches without rebooting the system. This service is crucial for organizations that require high uptime and cannot afford the disruption of a reboot after every kernel update. Compliance and Certification: Enterprises often need to comply with various regulatory standards (like PCI-DSS, HIPAA, etc.) which require specific security features and configurations. Ubuntu Pro includes tools and packages that help in maintaining compliance with these standards, which might not be part of the standard Ubuntu release. Commercial Software in Repositories: Ubuntu Pro users gain access to additional commercial software and proprietary tools in the Ubuntu repositories that are not available in the standard edition. These may include security tools and applications necessary for professional environments. Revenue Model: Offering advanced security features as part of Ubuntu Pro also aligns with Canonical’s business model. By providing enhanced security and support through a subscription service, Canonical can generate revenue which supports the development of both Ubuntu and Ubuntu Pro. Target Audience: Ubuntu Pro is tailored towards businesses and professional users who have higher requirements for security, support, and reliability. These users are more likely to need the advanced features offered by Ubuntu Pro and are also more capable of affording the subscription costs associated with it. The post Difference between UBUNTU and UBUNTU PRO appeared first on DevOpsSchool.com. View the full article

Even on Linux, you can enjoy gaming and interact with fellow gamers via Steam. As a Linux gamer, Steam is a handy game distribution platform that allows you to install different games, including purchased ones. Moreover, with Steam, you can connect with other games and play multiplayer titles.Steam is a cross-platform game distribution platform that offers games the option of purchasing and installing games on any device through a Steam account. This post gives different options for installing Steam on Ubuntu 24.04. Different Methods of Installing Steam on Ubuntu 24.04 No matter the Ubuntu version that you use, there are three easy ways of installing Steam. For our guide, we are working on Ubuntu 24.04, and we’ve detailed the steps to follow for each method. Take a look! Method 1: Install Steam via Ubuntu Repository On your Ubuntu, Steam can be installed through the multiverse repository by following the steps below. Step 1: Add the Multiverse Repository The multiverse repository isn’t added on Ubuntu by default but executing the following command will add it. $ sudo add-apt-multiverse Step 2: Refresh the Package Index After adding the new repository, we must refresh the package index before we can install Steam. $ sudo apt update Step 3: Install Steam Lastly, install Steam from the repository by running the APT command below. $ sudo apt install steam Method 2: Install Steam as a Snap Steam is available as a snap package and you can install it by accessing the Ubuntu 24.04 App Center or by installing via command-line. To install it via GUI, use the below steps. Step 1: Search for Steam on App Center On your Ubuntu, open the App Center and search for “Steam” in the search box. Different results will open and the first one is what we want to install. Step 2: Install Steam On the search results page, click on Steam to open a window showing a summary of its information. Locate the green Install button and click on it. You will get prompted to enter your password before the installation can begin. Once you do so, a window showing the progress bar of the installation process will appear. Once the process completes, you will have Steam installed and ready for use on your Ubuntu 24.04. Alternatively, if you prefer using the command-line option to install Steam from App Center, you can do so using the snap command. Specify the package when running your command as shown below. $ sudo snap install steam On the output, the download and installation progress will be shown and once it completes, Steam will be available from your applications. You can open it and set it up for your gaming. Method 3: Download and Install the Steam Package Steam releases a .deb package for Linux and by downloading it, you can use it to install Steam. Unlike the previous methods, this method requires downloading the Steam package from its website using command line utilities such as wget or curl. Step 1: Install wget To download the Steam .deb package, we will use wget. You can skip this step if you already have it installed. Otherwise, execute the below command. $ sudo apt install wget Step 2: Download the Steam Package With wget installed, run the following command to download the Steam .deb package. $ wget https://steamcdn-a.akamaihd.net/client/installer/steam.deb Step 3: Install Steam To install the .deb package, we will use the dpkg command below. $ sudo dpkg -i steam.deb Once Steam completes installing, verify that you can access it by searching for it on your Ubuntu 24.04. With that, you now have Steam installed on Ubuntu. Conclusion Steam is handy tool for any gamer and its cross-platform nature means you can install it on Ubuntu 24.04. we’ve given three installation methods you can use depending on your preference. Once you’ve installed Steam, configure it and create your account to start utilizing it. Happy gaming! View the full article

Anyone can easily run multiple operating systems on one host simultaneously, provided they have VirtualBox installed. Even for Ubuntu 24.04, you can install VirtualBox and utilize it to run any supported operating system.The best part about VirtualBox is that it is open-source virtualization software, and you can install and use it anytime. Whether you are stuck on how to install VirtualBox on Ubuntu 24.04 or looking to advance with other operating systems on top of your host, this post gives you two easy methods. Two Methods of Installing VirtualBox on Ubuntu 24.04 There are different ways of installing VirtualBox on Ubuntu 24.04. For instance, you can retrieve a stable VirtualBox version from Ubuntu’s repository or add Oracle’s VirtualBox repository to install a specific version. Which method to use will depend on your requirements, and we’ve discussed the methods in the sections below. Method 1: Install VirtualBox via APT The easiest way of installing VirtualBox on Ubuntu 24.04 is by sourcing it from the official Ubuntu repository using APT. Below are the steps you should follow. Step 1: Update the Repository In every installation, the first step involves refreshing the source list to update the package index by executing the following command. $ sudo apt update Step 2: Install VirtualBox Once you’ve updated your package index, the next task is to run the install command below to fetch and install the VirtualBox package. $ sudo apt install virtualbox Step 3: Verify the Installation After the installation, use the following command to check the installed version. The output also confirms that you successfully installed VirtualBox on Ubuntu 24.04. $ VboxManage --version Method 2: Install VirtualBox from Oracle’s Repository The previous method shows that we installed VirtualBox version 7.0.14. However, if you visit the VirtualBox website, depending on when you read this post, it’s likely that the version we’ve installed may not be the latest. Although the older VirtualBox versions are okay, installing the latest version is always the better option as it contains all patches and fixes. However, to install the latest version, you must add Oracle’s repository to your Ubuntu before you can execute the install command. Step 1: Install Prerequisites All the dependencies you require before you can add the Oracle VirtualBox repository can be installed when you install the software-properties-common package. $ sudo apt install software-properties-common Step 2: Add GPG Keys GPG keys help verify the authenticity of repositories before we can add them to the system. The Oracle repository is a third-party repository, and by installing the GPG keys, it will be checked for integrity and authenticity. Here’s how you add the GPG keys. $ wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add - You will receive an output on your terminal showing that the key has been downloaded and installed. Step 3: Add Oracle’s VirtualBox Repository Oracle has a VirtualBox repository for all supported Operating Systems. To fetch this repository and add it to your /etc/apt/sources.list.d/, execute the following command. $ echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -cs) contrib" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list The output shows that a new repository entry has been created from which we will source VirtualBox when we execute the install command. Step 4: Install VirtualBox With the repository added, let’s first refresh the package index by updating it. $ sudo apt update Next, specify which VirtualBox you want to install using the below syntax. $ sudo apt install virtualbox-[version] For instance, if the latest version when reading this post is version 7.1, you would replace version in the above command with 7.1. However, ensure that the specified version is available on the VirtualBox website. Otherwise, you will get an error as you can’t install something that can’t be found. Conclusion VirtualBox is an effective way of running numerous Operating Systems on one host simultaneously. This post shares two methods of installing VirtualBox on Ubuntu 24.04. First, you can install it via APT by sourcing it from the Ubuntu repository. Alternatively, you can add the Oracle repository and specify a specific version number for the VirtualBox you want to install. View the full article

MySQL is a reliable and widely used DBMS that utilizes SQL and a relational model to manage data. MySQL is installed as part of LAMP in Linux, but you can install it separately.Even in Ubuntu 24.04, installing MySQL is straightforward. This guide outlines the steps to follow. Read on! Step-By-Step Guide to Install MySQL on Ubuntu 24.04 If you have a user account on your Ubuntu 24.04 and have sudo privileges, installing MySQL requires you to follow the procedure below. Step 1: Update the System’s Repository When installing packages on Ubuntu, you should update the system’s repository to refresh the sources list. Doing so ensures the MySQL package you install is the latest stable version. $ sudo apt update Step 2: Install MySQL Server Once the package index updates, the next step is to install the MySQL server package using the below command. $ sudo apt install mysql-server After the installation, start the MySQL service on your Ubuntu 24.04. $ sudo systemctl start mysql.service Step 3: Configure MySQL Before we can start working with MySQL, we need to make a couple of configurations. First, access the MySQL shell using the command below. $ sudo mysql Once the shell opens up, set a password for your ’root’ using the below syntax. ALTER USER ‘root’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘your_password’; We’ve also specified to use the mysql_native_password authentication method. Exit the MySQL shell. exit; Step 4: Run the MySQL Script One interesting feature of MySQL is that it offers a script that you should run to quickly set it up. The script prompts you to specify different settings based on your preference. For example, you will be prompted to set a password for the root user. Go through each prompt and respond accordingly. $ sudo mysql_secure_installation Step 5: Modify the Authentication Method After successfully running the MySQL installation script, you should change the authentication method and set it to use the auth_socket plugin. Start by accessing your MySQL shell using the root account. $ mysql -u root -p Once logged in, run the below command to modify the authentication plugin. ALTER USER ‘root’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED WITH auth_socket; Step 6: Create a MySQL User So far, we have only access to MySQL using the root account. We should create a new user and specify what privileges they should have. When creating a new user, you must add their username and the login password using the syntax below. create user ‘username’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password’; Now that the user is created, we need to specify what privileges the user has when using MySQL. For instance, you can give them privileges, such as CREATE, ALTER, etc., on a specific or all the databases. Here’s an example where we’ve specified a few privileges to the added user on all available databases. Feel free to specify whichever privileges are ideal for your user. GRANT CREATE, ALTER, INSERT, UPDATE, SELECT on *.* TO ‘username’@’localhost’ WITH GRANT OPTION; For the new user and the privileges to apply, flush the privileges and exit MySQL. flush privileges; Step 7: Confirm the Created User As the last step, we should verify that our user can access the database and has the specified privileges. Start by checking the MySQL service to ensure it is running. $ sudo systemctl status mysql Next, access MySQL using the credentials of the user you added in the previous step. $ mysql -u username -p A successful login confirms that you’ve successfully installed MySQL, configured it, and added a new user. Conclusion MySQL is a relational DBMS widely used for various purposes. It supports SQL in managing data, and this post discusses all the steps you should follow to install it on Ubuntu 24.04. Hopefully, you’ve installed MySQL on your Ubuntu 24.04 with the help of the covered steps. View the full article

Delayed by a week due to malicious code in the XZ compression tools, Ubuntu 24.04 'Nodle Numbat' is ready for beta users to test. View the full article

The post How to Install KDE Plasma in Ubuntu, Debian and Mint first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides .KDE Plasma (KDE) is a well-known desktop environment for Unix-like systems designed for users who wants to have a nice desktop environment for their machines, The post How to Install KDE Plasma in Ubuntu, Debian and Mint first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides.View the full article

Python and R programming languages rely on Anaconda as their package and environment manager. With Anaconda, you will get tons of the necessary packages for your data science, machine learning, or other computational tasks.To utilize Anaconda on Ubuntu 24.04, install the conda utility for your Python flavor. This post shares the steps for installing conda for Python 3, and we will install version 2024.2-1. Read on! How to Install conda n Ubuntu 24.04 Anaconda is an open-source platform and by installing conda, you will have access to it and use it for any scientific computational tasks, such as machine learning. The beauty of Anaconda lies in its numerous scientific packages, ensuring you can freely use it for your project needs. Installing conda on Ubuntu 24.04 follows a series of steps, which we’ve discussed in detail. Step 1: Downloading the Anaconda Installer When installing Anaconda, you should check and use the latest version of the installer script. You can access all the latest Anaconda3 installer scripts from the Anaconda Downloads Page. As of writing this post, we have version 2024.2-1 as the latest version, and we can go ahead and download it using curl. $ curl https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2024.2-1-Linux-x86_64.sh --output anaconda.sh Ensure you change the version when using the above command. Also, navigate to where you want the installer script to be saved. In the above command, we’ve specified to save the installer as anaconda.sh, but you can use any preferred name. The installer script is large and will take some time, depending on your network’s performance. Once the download is completed, verify the file is available using the ls command. Another crucial thing is to check the integrity of the installer script. To do so, we’ve used the SHA-256 checksum by running the below command. $ sha256sum anaconda.sh Once you get the output, confirm that it matches against the available Anaconda3 hashes from the website. Once everything checks out, you can proceed with the installation. Step 2: Run the conda Installer Script Anaconda has an installer script that will take you through installing it. To run the bash script, execute the below command. $ bash anaconda.sh The script will trigger different prompts that will walk you through the installation. For instance, you must press the Enter key to confirm that you are okay with the installation. Next, a document containing the lengthy Anaconda license agreement will open. Please go through it, and once you reach the bottom, type yes to confirm that you agree with the license terms. You must also specify where you want the installation to be installed. By default, the script selects a location in your home directory, which is okay in some instances. However, if you prefer a different location, specify it and press the enter key again to proceed with the process. Conda will start installing, and the process will take a few minutes. In the end, you will get prompted to initialize Anaconda3. If you wish to initialize it later, choose ‘no.’ Otherwise, type ‘yes,’ as in our case. That’s it! You will get an output thanking you for installing Anaconda3. This message confirms that the conda utility was installed successfully on Ubuntu 24.04, and you now have the green light to start using it. Step 3: Activate the Installation and Test Anaconda3 Start by sourcing the ~/.bashrc with the below command. $ source ~/.bashrc Next, restart your shell to open up in the Anaconda3 base environment. You can now check the installed conda version. $ conda --version Better yet, you can view all the available packages by listing them using the command below. $ conda list With that, you’ve installed Conda on Ubuntu 24.04. You can start working on your projects and maximize the power of Anaconda3 courtesy of its multiple packages. Conclusion Anaconda is installed by installing the conda command-line utility. To install conda, you must download its installer script, execute it, go through the installation prompts, and agree to the license terms. Once you complete the process, you can use Anaconda3 for your projects and leverage all the packages it offers. View the full article

Now that you have Ubuntu 24.04 installed, the remaining task is ensuring that you install all the software you need, including Java. Installing Java on Ubuntu 24.04 makes it possible to develop and run Java applications, and as a Java programmer, you will inevitably install Java on Ubuntu.Java isn’t pre-installed on Ubuntu. As such, you must know what steps are required to quickly install Java before you start using it for your projects. Reading this post will arm you with a simple procedure to install Java on Ubuntu 24.04. Java JDK vs JRE When installing Java on Ubuntu 24.04, a common concern is understanding the difference between JDK and JRE and knowing which to install. Here’s the thing: Java Development Kit (JDK) comprises all the required tools to develop Java applications. It comprises of the Java compiler and debugger and for someone looking to create Java apps, you must have JDK installed. As for Java Runtime Environment(JRE), it is required for anyone looking to run Java applications on their system. So, if you only want to run Java applications without building them, you only need to install JRE and not the JDK. As a programmer, you will likely develop and run Java applications. Therefore, you must install JDK and JRE for everything to work correctly. How to Install Java on Ubuntu 24.04 Installing Java only requires access to an internet connection. Again, when you install the JDK, it should install the default JRE by default. However, that’s not always the case. Besides, if you want a specific version, you can specify it when running the install command. Here, we’ve provided the steps to follow to install Java quickly. Take a look! Step 1: Update Ubuntu’s Repository Updating the system repository ensures that the package you install is the latest stable version. The update command refreshes the sources list, and when you install Java, you will have the updated source index for the latest version. $ sudo update Step 2: Install Default JRE Before we can start installing Java, first verify that it isn’t already installed on your Ubuntu 24.04 by checking its version with the following command. $ java --version If Java is installed, you will get its version displayed on the output. Otherwise, you will get an output showing ’Java’ not found. Otherwise, install the default JRE using the below command. $ sudo apt install default-jre The installation time will depend on your network’s speed. Step 3: Install OpenJDK After successfully installing JRE, you are ready to install OpenJDK. Here, you can choose to install the default JDK, which will install the available version. Alternatively, you can opt to install a specific JDK version depending on your project requirements. For instance, if we want to install OpenJDK 17, we would execute our command as follows. $ sudo apt install openjdk-21-jdk During the installation process, you will get prompted to confirm a few things. Press ’y’ and hit the enter key to proceed with the installation. Once the installation is complete, you will have Java installed on your Ubuntu 24.04 and ready for use. The last task is to verify that Java is installed. By checking the version, you will get an output showing which version is installed. If you want a different version, ensure you specify it in the previous commands, as your project requirements could be different. $ java --version For our case, the output shows that we’ve installed Java v21.0.3 . Conclusion Installing Java on Ubuntu 24.04 isn’t a complicated process. However, you must know what your project requirements are to guide which version you install. To recap, installing Java requires you to first update the repository. Next, install JRE and then specify what OpenJDK version to install. You will have managed to install Java on Ubuntu 24.04, and this post shares more details on each step. View the full article

The Node Package Manager (NPM) is a tool that allows developers to install and work with different JavaScript packages efficiently. Installing NPM involves installing Node.js, and this post shares all the insights you need to install NPM.Node.js is a suitable option for anyone looking to have a scalable backend that utilizes JavaScript. Node.js is built on Chrome’s V8 JS engine, and you can easily install it on your Ubuntu 24.04 to start powering your backend functionality in your projects. We will focus on understanding three options for installing NPM on Ubuntu 24.04. Method 1: Install NPM on Ubuntu 24.04 via APT You can find the NPM and Node.js from the Ubuntu repository. If you don’t need any specific Node.js version for your project, you can utilize this option to install NPM and Node.js with the below commands. First, run the update command. $ sudo apt update Next, source Node.js from the default repository and install it using the command below. $ sudo apt install nodejs At this point, you have Node.js installed, and you can verify the installed version using the command below. $ node -v To install NPM, run the following command. $ sudo apt install npm Verify that NPM is installed by checking its version. $ npm --version We have npm v9 for our case. You can now comfortably start working on your Node.js project, and with NPM installed, you have room to install any dependencies or packages. That’s the first option of installing NPM and Node.js on Ubuntu 24.04. Method 2: Install NPM Using NodeSource PPA When you install the NodeSource package, it will install NPM without you needing to install it separately. This method allows you to install a specific Nodejs package provided you’ve correctly added the PPA by downloading it using wget or curl. Start by visiting the Nodejs project to see which version you want to install. Once you decide on the version, retrieve it using curl as in the following command. For our example, we’ve retrieved version 20.x. $ curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_20.x -o nodesource_setup.sh The script will get saved in your current directory, and you can verify it using the ls command. The next step is to run the script, but before that, you can open it with a text editor to confirm that it is safe to execute. You can then run the script using bash with the following command. $ sudo bash nodesocurce_setup.sh The command will add the NodeSource PPA to your local package, where you can source and install Node.js. When the script completes executing, you will get an output confirming the PPA has been added, and it will display the command you should use to install Node.js. Note that before installing the Node.js package, if you have already installed it using the previous method, it’s best to uninstall it to avoid running into an error. To do so, use the below command. $ sudo apt autoremove nodejs npm To install the Nodejs package, which will also install NPM, run the following command. $ sudo apt install nodejs Your system will source the package from the local package where we added the PPA. It will then proceed to install the NodeSource package version that you downloaded. Once the installation is complete, check its version using the following command. $ node -v The output will display the node version you downloaded, which is v20.12.2 for our case. Still, if we check the installed NPM version, you will notice it’s different from what we had earlier. $ npm --version The PPA installed NPM v10.5.0, which is higher than what we installed in method one earlier. Conclusion For anyone looking to use NPM and Node.js to power their backend application, this post shares two different methods for seamlessly installing NPM. This allows you to run your Node.js and install packages effectively. You can install NPM from the default Ubuntu 24.04 repository or add its PPA from the Node Source project, which will automatically install NPM alongside Node.js. View the full article

As a developer, version control systems are essential to your daily work, especially in enhancing collaboration with other developers. If you use Git as your VCS, understanding how to install it on Ubuntu 24.04 is handy. With Git, you can comfortably track changes in your repository, revert changes, and more. Moreover, Git makes it easy to maintain your code in Git repositories. Before you can use Git on Ubuntu 24.04, you must know how to install it. Luckily, there are two installation options, and both are detailed in this guide. Two Methods of Installing Git on Ubuntu 24.04 Installing Git only requires access to a non-root user account and an internet connection. The method to use will depend on your preference. If you want a quick and easy way, installing Git from the Ubuntu repository is recommended. However, this method doesn’t install the latest Git version. If you want the latest version, you must install Git from its source. This approach involves more steps, but it gets the job done once you know which commands to run. Method 1: Install Git on Ubuntu 24.04 from Ubuntu Repository Git is available in the default packages on Ubuntu, and this version is considered more stable despite not being the latest version. Again, this method allows you to install Git using APT with a simple command. Some packages are installed by default, and in Ubuntu 24.04, you should have Git already installed. Verify this by checking its version. $ git --version If Git is not installed in your case, start by updating your package list. $ sudo apt update After updating the package index, we can then install Git as follows. $ sudo apt install git It’s that simple. Once the process runs and completes, Git will be available on your system, and you can configure it to start using it. If you want to install the latest Git version, use the following method. Method 2: Install Git on Ubuntu 24.04 from Source With the first method, we managed to install Git, but the installed version was not the latest. When you source packages from the default repository, you only access the latest stable version. However, this doesn’t mean you can’t get the latest Git version. To do so, you must compile Git from the source. Unlike the previous method, this approach takes more time, and you must run different commands to retrieve the package and compile it. Step 1: Install the Dependencies For us to source and compile Git, different packages are required, and we can install them using the command below. $ sudo apt install libz-dev libssl-dev libcurl4-gnutls-dev libexpat1-dev gettext cmake gcc Those already installed will be skipped during the installation. Step 2:Create a Temporary Directory We need a temporary directory to store and compile the retrieved Git files. We’ve named the directory tmp and navigated into it. $ mkdir tmp $ cd /tmp Step 3: Download the Latest Git Version You can only find the latest Git version from its website. To know which version you should download, visit the Git project website. Once the site loads, locate the latest version. We have v2.44.0 as the latest when writing this post. Next, use curl to download the Git tarball with the below command. $ curl -o git.tar.gz https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.44.0.tar.gz Ensure you replace the command to match the latest version, depending on when you read this post. Step 4: Unpack the Tarball Once you download the Git tarball, we must unpack it using tar. After unpacking, use the cd command to navigate to the Git directory. $ tar -zxf git.tar.gz $ cd git-* Step 5:Compile and Install Git Start by Compiling the Git package using the make command. $ make prefix=/usr/local all Afterward, install the package by running the command below. $ sudo make prefix=/usr/local install Lastly, apply the changes with the command below. $ source /etc/environment That’s it. You now have Git installed. Check the version to confirm that we installed the latest one. $ git --version We have v 2.44.0, which is what we downloaded earlier. Configure Git on Ubuntu 24.04 Now that you’ve installed Git, the next recommended step is to configure your username and email. To achieve this, run the below commands and add your username to use when making a commit and the email address. $ git config --global user.name “your_name" $ git config --global user.email "your_email" You can now start using Git to make your commits on your repository. Conclusion Git is a widely used version control system, and there are two methods for installing it on Ubuntu 24.04. First, you can install it via APT from your default packages. Alternatively, you can source and compile the Git package to get the latest version. That’s it! View the full article

The collaboration will bring Ubuntu and Ubuntu Core to devices powered by Qualcomm® processors Today Canonical, the publisher of Ubuntu, announced a collaboration with Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., the latest major System-on-Chip manufacturer and designer to join Canonical’s silicon partner program. Through the partner program, Qualcomm Technologies will have access to a secure, open source operating system, and optimised flavour of Ubuntu for Qualcomm Technologies’ software. In addition, optimised Ubuntu and Ubuntu Core images will be available for Qualcomm SoCs, enabling enterprises to meet their regulatory, compliance and security demands for AI at the edge and the broader IoT market with a secure operating system that is supported for 10 years. Security-first and AI ready The massive growth in AI and edge computing is exciting for device manufacturers. However, it also brings considerable challenges due to cybersecurity regulations which place increased security demands on embedded devices. On top of this, devices have to be easy to adopt and use by developers, and need to remain performant. To help meet these challenges, Qualcomm Technologies chose to partner with Canonical to create an optimised Ubuntu for Qualcomm IoT chipsets, giving developers an easy path to create safe, compliant, security-focused, and high-performing applications for multiple industries including industrial, robotics and edge automation. “The combination of Qualcomm Technologies’ processors with the popularity of Ubuntu among AI and IoT developers is a game changer for the industry,” commented Dev Singh, Vice President, Business Development and Head of Building, Enterprise & Industrial Automation, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. “The collaboration was a natural fit, with Qualcomm Technologies’s Product Longevity program complementing the 10-year enterprise security and support commitments made by Canonical.” Ideal to speed up time to market Canonical and Ubuntu offer Qualcomm Technologies the tools and peace of mind to meet new IoT, AI and edge computing market challenges head on. By placing Ubuntu and Ubuntu Core at the centre of its devices and products, Qualcomm Technologies is creating a generation of devices that will be easy for developers to use and adopt. The collaboration between Qualcomm Technologies and Canonical will provide options to the industry to accelerate time to market and reduce development costs. Developers and enterprises can benefit from the Ubuntu Certified Hardware program, which features a growing list of certified ODM boards and devices based on Qualcomm SoCs. These certified devices deliver an optimised Ubuntu experience out-of-the-box, enabling developers to focus on developing applications and bringing products to market. “Canonical’s partner programs, in conjunction with Canonical’s expertise in guiding customers navigate their AI and IoT journey, help set the industry bar for performance with robustness, security and compliance. The work to integrate and optimise Qualcomm Technologies’ software with Ubuntu will enable channel partners and manufacturers to bring Ubuntu and Ubuntu Core platforms to a wide range of devices“, said Olivier Philippe, VP for Devices Engineering at Canonical. Join Canonical and Qualcomm at Embedded World The collaboration between Canonical and Qualcomm Technologies kicks off at the Embedded World conference, held at the exhibition centre in Nuremberg, Germany, on 9 to 11 April 2024. Visit Canonical booth at [4-354] Visit Qualcomm booth at [5-161] To find out more about Canonical’s partnership and optimised services for IoT, edge and AI products, stop by Canonical’s booth , or visit https://ubuntu.com/internet-of-things About Canonical Canonical, the publisher of Ubuntu, provides open source security, support and services. Our portfolio covers critical systems, from the smallest devices to the largest clouds, from the kernel to containers, from databases to AI. With customers that include top tech brands, emerging startups, governments and home users, Canonical delivers trusted open source for everyone. Learn more at https://canonical.com/ Qualcomm branded products are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Qualcomm patented technologies are licensed by Qualcomm Incorporated. Qualcomm is a trademark or registered trademark of Qualcomm Incorporated. View the full article