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YUM, or also known as Yellowdog Updater Modified, is a package management tool developed by Yellowdog Linux. It is the default and widely used software package manager in Fedora, RHEL, CentOS Linux systems, etc. Its primary features allow you to install, upgrade, and uninstall software packages on your devices. YUM has been a reliable tool and evolved into its next-generation version, Dandified YUM(DNF). Furthermore, you can easily access YUM through the command line, making it the preferred choice of most administrators. However, many users still need to discover and want to learn various use cases of YUM. This quick guide will briefly describe YUM in Linux and demonstrate some examples of its use. How to Use YUM in Linux You can install any new software using a simple yum install command followed by your desired package name. For example, to install the r sync utility, we would use: yum install rsync Additionally, you do not need to worry about the dependencies the new packages need because YUM takes care of it all. You can use the below-given command to update any particular package: yum update package_name Please replace ‘package_name’ with the package name you want to update. For instance, let’s update the curl utility: yum update curl Similarly you can completely remove a package from your system through the following command: yum remove package_name Again replace ‘package_name’ like shown in the above section. After executing this command, enter ‘y’ to confirm the removal of your target package and its dependencies. For example, if we have to remove the curl package installed in the previous section, we will run: yum remove curl If you want to view detailed information about a package before installing it immediately, use the yum info command. For example: yum info curl It will display information about Curl’s latest version, release, size, license, and description. You can also take a brief look at the packages installed on your system by running: yum list installed In case you are unable to recall the exact name of your desired package, use the search function as follows: yum search [specific_keyword] Just replace [specific_keyword] with your target keyword. It will show all the matching package names. A Quick Summary YUM is the default package management utility in Fedora, RHEL, CentOS, and other similar Linux distributions that the Yellowdog Linux originally developed. This guide quickly explained YUM in Linux with the help of multiple examples. Here, we demonstrated how to use YUM to install, remove, and upgrade packages on your systems. View the full article

CVE-2024-3094 is a reported supply chain compromise of the xz libraries. The resulting interference with sshd authentication could enable an attacker to gain unauthorized access to the system. Overview Malicious code was identified within the xz upstream tarballs, beginning with version 5.6.0. This malicious code is introduced through a sophisticated obfuscation technique during the liblzma […] The post Understanding and Mitigating the Fedora Rawhide Vulnerability (CVE-2024-3094) appeared first on OX Security. The post Understanding and Mitigating the Fedora Rawhide Vulnerability (CVE-2024-3094) appeared first on Security Boulevard. View the full article

Do you own an NVIDIA graphics card and want to use NVIDIA drivers instead of the default Nouveau driver in Fedora to enhance your gaming, View the full article

Eclipse IDE is a widely used open-source IDE which provides hundreds of options to develop the Java applications. It offers comprehensive features including code editing, debugging, and testing tools, making it a popular choice among developers. Eclipse has a robust code editing option with syntax highlighting, code templates, and code completion. Moreover, a large community of developers contributes to its growth through rapid improvements. Hence, if you are looking for an amazing development tool, you can get the Eclipse IDE. So, this tutorial is all about the simple method to install Eclipse IDE on Fedora Linux... View the full article

VLC is a free and open source, popular, and cross-platform multimedia player and framework that plays files, discs, webcams, devices as well as streams. VLC View the full article

Fedora 36 is released for desktop, server & cloud environments, and the Internet of Things, and in this tutorial, we shall go through the various steps on how to install the Fedora 36 server View the full article

MySQL is one of the oldest and most reliable open-source relational database management systems which is trusted and used by millions of users on daily basis... View the full article

Fedora 33 was released with a server edition, and in this tutorial, we shall go through the various steps of how to install the Fedora 33 server with screenshots. There are some crucial improvements The post How to Install Fedora 33 Server first appeared on Tecmint: Linux Howtos, Tutorials & Guides. View the full article

Storage is one of the cheapest IT commodities in today’s market. Running low on disk space? Just grab a brand new high-capacity storage device from the market. Need high-performance storage? Then grab a high-performance SSD. After the device is connected, it should be recognized in the system. However, at the software level, it still requires some configuration to use it properly. In this guide, check out how to add a new disk device to Fedora Linux. Disk precautions When you connect the new device to the computer, assuming the unit is functional, it should be recognized by the BIOS. If not, then here are a few possibilities to look for. Ensure that the device is connected properly. Often, that’s a major source of headache, especially with external storage devices. While it’s uncommon, you may also have a dead device at hand. Sometimes, certain storage devices aren’t supported by some computers. It’s dependent on multiple factors like brand, model, etc. Finding the disk device Finding the new drive using CLI Assuming that the device is functional and connected properly, let’s get started. In Linux, all the disk devices are assigned a unique device name that begins with “hd” or “sd”. For example, “/dev/sda” is the first device label, “/dev/sdb” is the second device label. Launch the terminal, and run the following command. It should list all the connected disk devices. $ ls -l /dev/sd* As the output suggests, the disk “/dev/sda” has two partitions, “/dev/sda1” and “/dev/sda2”. Now, connect the new storage device, and run the command again. $ ls /dev/sd* Here, the new disk “/dev/sdb” has a single partition “/dev/sdb1”. If the device had no partition, there’d be only “/dev/sdb” in the result. Finding the new drive using GUI If you prefer using GUI, then it’s suggested to use the GNOME Disks. It’s a part of the GNOME desktop. An alternative tool is to use GParted. It’s one of the most powerful tools for managing disk devices. GParted can handle disk formatting, partitioning, UUIDs, and even data rescue. Install GParted right away. $ sudo dnf install gparted Launch GParted. To check the partitions of a certain disk, select it from the drop-down menu on the top-right corner. Creating partitions A partition in disk drives is a logical separation of the disk space. Depending on the disk space and partition table type, the number of partition varies. Generally, high-capacity disks are split into multiple partitions. If the disk is already partitioned properly, then you may skip this part. Following this step will erase any existing data from the disk, ensuring that there’s nothing valuable stored. Ensure that the disk isn’t in use. If any of the disk partitions are mounted, make sure to unmount them. Learn how to unmount partitions using umount command. Creating a partition using CLI Fdisk is a powerful tool for managing disk partitions. One major benefit of fdisk is, all the changes you make aren’t immediately applied to the disk. All the changes are stored in memory and only applied when you tell the fdisk to do so. Launch the fdisk tool in interactive mode for our target device. $ sudo fdisk <device_label> It’s an interactive mode with lots of options available. To see all the available options, enter “m”. Enter “p” to print all the partitions in the current partition label. It’ll also report the partition table type (GPT/DOS/SGI/Sun). If there’s no need for the partition table type to change, then proceed with deleting the partition. Enter “d” to prompt fdisk to delete the partition. To change the partition type, enter “g” (GPT), “G” (SGI (IRIX)), “o” (DOS), or “s” (for SUN). In this case, I’m going to create a new empty GPT partition table. Enter “w” to write the new partition table. Note that it’ll remove any existing partitions. At this point, the fdisk will exit. The disk will contain all its free space. To make the space usable, it has to be partitioned. Re-launch fdisk for the disk. $ sudo fdisk /dev/sdb The device must contain a partition or more to use the available storage space. To create a partition, enter “n”. Fdisk will ask for various information, for example, the partition number, first/last sector, partition size, etc. Unless there’s something custom necessary, hit “Enter”. Fdisk will use the default values and the entire disk space for the new partition. To write the changes to the disk, enter “w”. Creating a partition using GUI GParted another powerful solution for managing disk devices. Launch GParted. From the top-left corner, ensure that the correct device is selected. If the disk has any partition mounted, performing any alteration is going to be problematic. Right-click the partition(s) and select “Unmount”. If the partitioning is fine, then there’s no need to touch anything. If not, consider re-partitioning the drive. Right-click the partition(s) and select “Delete”. To create a new partition, right-click the “unallocated” space, and select “New”. Change the values as you see fit. For this demonstration, the entire disk space will be under a single partition. To take the changes into effect, click the “Apply All Operations” button. All the changes will be written to the disk, so ensure that everything is configured properly. Once the process is finished, GParted will show the following window. Creating a filesystem The disk is properly partitioned. The next step is to create a Linux filesystem on the partition so that the operating system can use the space for storing data. Creating a filesystem using CLI Depending on the desired filesystem type, the command to run will change. By default, it’s recommended to make an EXT3/EXT4 filesystem for the best experience. If the disk is a portable one and used cross-device, then FAT16/FAT32 filesystem is recommended. However, FAT16 and FAT32 filesystems have a fixed value of the highest single file size. Determine the new partition label. $ lsblk In this demonstration, our target partition is “/dev/sdb1”. Note the mount point. Then, unmount the partition using the following command. $ sudo umount -v <mount_point > To format the partition, run the following command. $ sudo mkfs -v -t <filesystem> <partition> As for the filesystem, the mkfs tool supports the following values. ext3 ext4 fat16 fat32 ntfs apfs hfs Creating a filesystem using GUI Launch GParted and select the target device. Right-click the partition, go to “Format to”, and select your desired filesystem. Once selected, click the “Apply All Operations” button. Mounting filesystem Finally, the filesystem is ready to be used. It has to be mounted to be accessible from the operating system. Mounting a filesystem using CLI Here’s a guide on how to use the Linux mount command for mounting partitions. To mount our desired partition, first, create a directory. This directory will act as the mount point. $ sudo mkdir -v /my_partition Now, mount the partition to the mount point we just created. $ sudo mount --source <partition> --target <mount_point> Verify if the mounting was successful. $ mount Mounting a filesystem using GUI While GParted is capable of mounting a partition, it won’t allow the action unless the partition is declared under “/etc/fstab”. An alternative is to use the GNOME Disks utility. Launch GNOME Disks. From the left panel, navigate to the target device. Select the partition and click “Mount selected partition”. Disks will automatically create a mount point for the partition. Final thoughts This guide demonstrates adding a new disk device to Fedora. It isn’t anything difficult. It’s a slightly time-consuming process. The good news is, it’s mostly a one-time process. However, it’s common that you may need to perform these actions once again. Happy computing! 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Fedora is a Linux distribution that is sponsored by Red Hat. The best thing is that it is free and open source. It is also available for desktop, server, and IoT systems. It has a different desktop environment like KDE Plasma, XFCE, LXQT, etc. What will we cover? In this guide, we will cover how to upgrade Fedora 32 to Fedora 33. We will see three different ways of upgrading Fedora: Upgrade using Software Center DNF system upgrade plugin Upgrade using package manager with dnf only Things to Do Before Starting We need to do certain things before starting the process for a smooth upgrade experience. The first thing is that you should always backup your data before attempting to upgrade. It is highly recommended for any production system. If you are experimenting with a virtual machine, 0then you don’t have to worry. Second thing, you should have a root account or at least a user account with root access privileges. This is necessary as you cannot run the upgrade commands without the superuser rights. Method 1. Upgrade using Software Center (recommended for the Fedora Workstation release) This is the most recommended way to upgrade Fedora Workstation, and it is also the easiest way for beginners. From Fedora 23 Workstation edition, a notification for a new Fedora release starts to appear whenever a new stable release is introduced. Check out the notification or go to Fedora’s graphical software center, you will be presented with a simple update window, as shown below: When you hit the download button, all the files required for upgrade will be automatically downloaded. When the download is completed, it will ask for a reboot to install the upgraded files. After the reboot, you will be able to see your new release. Method 2. Using the DNF system upgrade plugin This is the officially recommended upgrade method for all Fedora installations, except for the Fedora Workstation. It uses dnf-plugin-system-upgrade when performing a system upgrade. This is actually a command-line method as it requires running some command. Okay, let’s dive in to see how this is going to work. Step 1. First, update your Fedora system with the command: # dnf upgrade --refresh This will install all the necessary updates to the system before upgrade. The actual download size may vary for every different system. This may take a considerable time to download and install all the updates depending on your internet connection speed and system hardware. Step 2. Once the installation of updates is finished, do a system reboot. Step 3. After rebooting the system, open a terminal and install the plugin: dnf-plugin-system-upgrade. To do this use the command below: # dnf install dnf-plugin-system-upgrade Step 4. Now, we will use the dnf plugin to download the release update packages. Run the below-given command: # dnf system-upgrade download --refresh --releasever=33 When you run the above command, it will ask to run the “dnf upgrade –refresh” command to ensure that the system is up to date. Press ‘y’ and hit enter, so it can download any new update. The releasever argument is used to specify the version of Fedora OS we want to install. Here we have specified version number 33, which is the latest available version right now. To upgrade to a branched release, we need to use 34, or we can take rawhide for upgrading to a rawhide version. Once the update process is completed, you can download the upgrades as shown below: As you can see, this version update is about 1.3 G in size, so it may take a long time to download and install all these updates. Wait for the process to complete. During the upgrade process, it will import a gpg key and ask you to verify it, just press ‘y’ here: The installation process is almost completed, what’s remaining is to run the command: # dnf system-upgrade reboot Note: Please do not run any other command besides “dnf system-upgrade reboot”, otherwise you may need to restart the whole process. The system will now restart to apply the downloaded system upgrades, as shown below: After the upgrade process is completed, you should see a new login screen for Fedora 33 OS, as shown here: We can check the Fedora version with the command: # /etc/os-release Since we were using Fedora 32 xfce version, we are upgraded to Fedora 33 xfce. This should be the same if you are upgrading from the gnome version, you should land on gnome Fedora. Method 3. Upgrade using package manager with dnf only (without using the DNF system upgrade plugin) The last method is using DNF, which is actually not recommended by Fedora. While upgrading this way, you may encounter general dependency issues. For any such issue, you can refer to the reference pages and other posts related to the installation guide. This is a very brain-teasing method and should only be used by experienced system administrators. Step 1. Open a terminal and login as a root user and run the command below: # systemctl isolate multi-user.target Step 2. At this point, we have to update the packages of our current Fedora OS with the following command: # dnf upgrade Step 3. In case of upgrading across three or more releases or upgrading from an old version of Fedora before Fedora 20, it may require you to import and install the package signing key. Otherwise, it is not required for upgrading across two releases or less from the version of Fedora 20 or later. So, if it is required to import the key, do run the following command: # rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-23-x86_64 Do not forget to replace “23” with your target release like 32 or 33 for the latest Fedora. Also, replace “x86_64” with your system architecture. Step 4. Clean all the cache of dnf by running: # dnf clean all Step 5. Start the upgrade process with the command: # dnf --releasever=<target_release_number> --setopt=deltarpm=false distro-sync Step 6. Install new packages for the new version with: # dnf groupupdate 'Minimal Install' Other groups like GNOME Desktop, Administration Tools can also be updated as shown here: # dnf groupupdate "GNOME Desktop" # dnf groupupdate “Administration Tools” Step 7. Install the bootloader for your boot-device with the command: # /usr/sbin/grub2-install BOOTDEVICE The boot-device is usually /dev/sda or /dev/sdb, depending on your hard disk. If you are using a virtual machine, it might be like the dev/vda. Step 8. Now, delete unnecessary cache files and other redundant files by cleaning up the system. These files often reside in the following directories: /var/cache/dnf /var/lib/mock /var/cache/mock Conclusion In this guide, we have seen how we can upgrade Fedora Linux using three different ways. We have also learned the main difference in using these upgrade methods. This guide has been successfully tested on Fedora 32 for upgrading to Fedora 33. If you have liked this HowTo guide, please share it with others. View the full article