The Renaissance of NTLM Relay Attacks: Everything You Need to Know

NTLM relay attacks have been around for a long time. While many security practitioners think NTLM relay is a solved problem, or at least a not-so-severe one, it is, in fact, alive and kicking and arguably worse than ever before. Relay attacks are the easiest way to compromise domain-joined hosts nowadays, paving a path for lateral movement and privilege escalation.

NTLM relay attacks are more complicated than many people realize. There are a lot of moving parts that operators have to track using different tools, but we have recently introduced NTLM relay edges into BloodHound to help you keep on thinking in graphs with new edges that represent coercion and relay attacks against domain-joined computers, originating from Authenticated Users and leading into the computer that could be compromised via SMB, LDAP/LDAPS, and ADCS ESC8. Each of these edges is composed of different components and prerequisites, but they all follow the same “Zero to Hero” pattern from Authenticated Users to the would-be compromised computer...

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